...and then both of these you mentioned are all brought upon the criminal from an external source, and as we all know, personal change can only come from within. Beside being a bit commie for my tastesAnd there's no guarantee that any measure will lead to any permanent change in the mentality of the criminal.
It's a very difficult subject. If not impossible. The simple truth might be that even though sending bad guys to prison, might be a very bad solution. It might be necessary for society as a whole just to make it function at all. I mean, we can't have a system where criminals decide on which rules to conveniently break, no matter how useless it might be to punish them.