I guess I can say the mother was surprised that cuffs were used, as if it never crossed her mind they would be. She did not seem surprised about anything else. That tells me the use of cuffs was no in the IEP, or she wouldn't have been surprised.

I can't speak for all parents, but for me...I'm pretty much a realist when it comes to my children, and what needs to be done to work within their needs. I hope it doesn't come to handcuffs and police, but sometimes...it does. Unfortunately age can have little to do with that.