I just skimmed this and I couldn't resist.

He tried to figure out if he could make the arms of the frog grow on other parts of the body.
This has already been done on drosophila flies. In answer to "what makes your arms grow out of your shoulder," it's controlled by "Hox genes." So... not sure what the point is, but this has been studied in depth in several genetic model organisms. If you care...

And Rhabbi, your entropy argument is my favorite. The way that argument goes is, if you take some closed system and leave it alone, it gets more disordered. Therefore, the earth should get more disordered over time instead of evolving life. Makes sense, right?

The earth is not a closed system. It's getting energy thrown at it by the bucketfull in the form of light from the sun. In case you still don't get it, lets go back to the staple entropy analogy: your room.

A mess, right? Let's say you go and clean up your room. You're adding energy to your room, and decreasing the entropy of your room. You're also not violating any laws of physics, because the entropy of the 'universe' is increasing ever so slightly while the entropy of your room is decreasing.

The second law does NOT state that entropy always increases. You can add order to a system by adding energy to it; but, you are also increasing disorder somewhere else. The definition, according to wikipedia, is
"The total entropy of any isolated thermodynamic system tends to increase over time"


Wikipedia has a cute example:
"In general, according to the second law, the entropy of a system that is not isolated may decrease. An air conditioner, for example, cools the air in a room, thus reducing the entropy of the air. The heat, however, involved in operating the air conditioner always makes a bigger contribution to the entropy of the environment than the decrease of the entropy of the air. Thus the total entropy of the room and the environment increases, in agreement with the second law."

Just as a general statement, there is no debate. Evolution vs. 'intelligent design' is a moot point. If you really want to read up on evidence of evolution, take a trip to pubmed and browse some articles on evolution.